George F. R. Ellis
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George Francis Rayner Ellis, FRS, Hon. FRSSAf (born 11 August 1939), is the emeritus distinguished professor of
complex systems A complex system is a system composed of many components which may interact with each other. Examples of complex systems are Earth's global climate, organisms, the human brain, infrastructure such as power grid, transportation or communication s ...
in the Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics at the University of Cape Town in South Africa. He co-authored '' The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time'' with University of Cambridge physicist Stephen Hawking, published in 1973, and is considered one of the world's leading theorists in cosmology. From 1989 to 1992 he served as president of the International Society on General Relativity and Gravitation. He is a past president of the International Society for Science and Religion. He is an A-rated researcher with the NRF. Ellis, an active
Quaker Quakers are people who belong to a historically Protestant Christian set of Christian denomination, denominations known formally as the Religious Society of Friends. Members of these movements ("theFriends") are generally united by a belie ...
, was a vocal opponent of apartheid during the National Party reign in the 1970s and 1980s, and it is during this period that Ellis's research focused on the more philosophical aspects of cosmology, for which he won the Templeton Prize in 2004. He was also awarded the Order of the Star of South Africa by
Nelson Mandela Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (; ; 18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African Internal resistance to apartheid, anti-apartheid activist who served as the President of South Africa, first president of South Africa from 1994 to 1 ...
in 1999. On 18 May 2007, he was elected a fellow of the British Royal Society .


Life

Born in 1939 to George Rayner Ellis, a newspaper editor, and Gwendoline Hilda MacRobert Ellis in Johannesburg, George Francis Rayner Ellis attended the University of Cape Town, where he graduated with honours in 1960 with a Bachelor of Science degree in physics with distinction . He represented the university in fencing, rowing and flying . While a student at
St John's College, Cambridge St John's College is a Colleges of the University of Cambridge, constituent college of the University of Cambridge founded by the House of Tudor, Tudor matriarch Lady Margaret Beaufort. In constitutional terms, the college is a charitable corpo ...
, where he received a PhD in applied maths and theoretical physics in 1964, he was on college rowing teams . At Cambridge, Ellis served as a research fellow from 1965 to 1967, was assistant lecturer in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics until 1970, and was then appointed university lecturer, serving until 1974 . Ellis became a visiting professor at the Enrico Fermi Institute at the University of Chicago in 1970, a lecturer at the Cargese Summer School in Corsica in 1971 and the
Erice Summer School Erice (; scn, Èrici) is a historic town and ''comune'' in the province of Trapani, Sicily, in southern Italy. Geography The main town of Erice is located on top of Mount Erice, at around above sea level, overlooking the city of Trapani, the ...
in Sicily in 1972, and a visiting H3 professor at the University of Hamburg, also in 1972. The following year, Ellis co-wrote '' The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time'' with Stephen Hawking, debuting at a strategic moment in the development of General Relativity Theory. In the following year, Ellis returned to South Africa to accept an appointment as professor of applied mathematics at the University of Cape Town, a position he held until his retirement in 2005. In 2005 Ellis appeared as a guest speaker at the Nobel Conference in
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.


Work

George Ellis has worked for many decades on
anisotropic Anisotropy () is the property of a material which allows it to change or assume different properties in different directions, as opposed to isotropy. It can be defined as a difference, when measured along different axes, in a material's physic ...
cosmologies ( Bianchi models) and inhomogeneous universes, and on the philosophy of cosmology. He is currently writing on the emergence of complexity, and the way this is enabled by top-down causation in the hierarchy of
complexity Complexity characterises the behaviour of a system or model whose components interaction, interact in multiple ways and follow local rules, leading to nonlinearity, randomness, collective dynamics, hierarchy, and emergence. The term is generall ...
. Recently Ellis has also collaborated with
Teppo Felin Teppo Felin (born 1970s) is the Douglas D. Anderson Professor of Strategy & Entrepreneurship at the Huntsman School of Business at Utah State University. He is also the Founding Director of the Institute for Interdisciplinary Study. From 2013 to 2 ...
, Denis Noble, and
Jan Koenderink Jan Johan Koenderink (born 10 February 1943, Stramproy) is a Dutch physicist and psychologist known for his researches on visual perception, computer vision, and geometry. Koenderink earned a bachelor's degree from Utrecht University in 1964, a m ...
on a set of articles published in the journal ''Genome Biology.'' In terms of philosophy of science, Ellis is a Platonist.


Publications


Books

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *


Papers

Ellis has over 500 published articles; including 17 in Nature. Notable papers include: * * * * * * * * *


Honours

In 2019 Rhodes University in Grahamstown announced it would award Ellis an honorary doctorate in laws (LLD, hc)


See also

* List of science and religion scholars


Notes and references


External links


Partial list of Ellis' published papers

George Ellis's web page

Professor George Ellis: a man of many parts
Cape Argus, 18 March 2004
George Ellis's scientific work as listed at SPIRES
* o
Speaking of Faith
with
Krista Tippett Krista Tippett ( née Weedman; born November 9, 1960) is an American journalist, author, and entrepreneur. She created and hosts the public radio program and podcast ''On Being''. In 2014, Tippett was awarded the National Humanities Medal by U.S. ...

transcript
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George Ellis extended interview with transcript for the 'Why Are We Here?' documentary series
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ellis, George 1939 births Living people Alumni of Michaelhouse South African cosmologists Fellows of the Royal Society Members of the International Society for Science and Religion Philosophers of cosmology South African Christians South African mathematicians South African Quakers Templeton Prize laureates Academic staff of the University of Cape Town University of Cape Town alumni Writers about religion and science Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge